Generally before any soil compaction occurs various samples of the proposed embankment or fill is analyzed in the lab. Materials free fulltext laboratory compaction study. Introduction laboratory compaction within the corps of engineers 1. They may also be performed to learn more about a soil in a particular area, whether or. Interpetation of test results official portal of ukm. For this reason a laboratory compaction test, using a vibrating hammer, was deel oped at the laboratory 1. The line of optimum moisture contents is usually around 85% saturation and the optimum moisture content decreases with increasing compactive effort. Astm d 155707 test method for laboratory compaction. Astm d 1557 laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using modified effort.
Standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort 12 400 ftlbfft 3600 knmm 1 this standard is issued under the. In the proctor test, the soil is compacted in a mold that has a volume of 944 cm3. Emphasis was placed on uniform fine sands, which are used throughout a broad area of the state as fill materials. The standard proctor test approximates maximum soil density capable of being produced by early generations of construction equipment. Proctor soil compaction test procedures, tools and results. In geotechnical engineering, soil compactionis the process in which a stress applied to a soilcauses densification as air is. A laboratory test using increased energy of compaction was then necessary to reproduce these higher compacted densities, so a test was introduced which used a heavier rammer with the same mould. Guidelines for earthwork construction control testing of. Guidelines for earthwork construction control testing of gravelly soils 3 reclamation uses the rapid compaction test usbr 7240 5, astm d 5080 6 for routine control of silty or clayey soils. This video is prepared in 2011 by middle east technical university civil engineering department. Types of soil compaction test in laboratory standard proctor test modified proctor test gyratory compaction test 11. It is similar to the british standard heavy compaction test.
A compaction test is a soil quality test used to assess the level of compaction which can occur in the soil on a site. Laboratory compaction of road construction materials. This is important not only for durability, but will save money because less compaction effort is needed to achieve the desired results. Prior to handling test materials, performing equipment setups, andor conducting this method, testers are required to read safety and health in section f of this method. New method for laboratory soil compaction by vibration. D653 terminology relating to soil, rock, and contained fluids. Purpose and use of laboratory compaction tests the astm test methods for compaction are used to develop a laboratory derived standard reference density that is used to determine the percentage of compaction and deviation from the optimum water content that is measured by the field inplace density tests. Soil is a very flexible and inexpensive construction material. D1557 12 standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using modi. Soil compaction is the process in which stress is applied to a soil which causes densification as the voids are filled with solids. D69812e2 standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort 12 400 ftlbfft3 600 knmm3 density water content particle size. This compaction is a comparison of the laboratory compaction proctor to the field density and recorded as a percentage. Final report for the florida department of transportation evaluation of laboratory compaction techniques for simulating field soil compaction phase ii.
Standard proctor test procedure apparatus calculation. C6 test method for sieve analysis of fine and coarse aggregates. It can be manipulated to produce a material with a wide range of properties. Astm d155712e1 standard test methods for laboratory. The general principal with any compaction test is that for the same compactive effort, increases in. Pdf static laboratory compaction method guanliang liu. Standard proctor test or proctor compaction test was the original test devised by an american engineer ralph r. Because the stress paths, compaction states and soil structures are greatly different, the mechanical properties of each path at point a will be greatly different. Standard test method for cbr california bearing ratio of laboratorycompacted soils1 this standard is issued under the. Proctor showing that for a given compaction effort, the density of soil depends on the type of soil and moisture content.
Compaction tests results vary with the input compactive effort, usually measured in footpounds per cubic foot of soil. The proctor compaction test is a test that compacts the soil material at various moisture. The test makes use of apparatus, apart from the tamping foot, which is already in widespread use in this country. Evaluation of laboratory compaction procedures for. Compaction test of soil is carried out using proctors test to understand compaction characteristics of different soils with change in moisture content. We know that the conditions of site and that of the laboratory are different altogether. The porous discs shall be saturated before assembling the mould. The rapid compaction test is a threepoint proctor compaction test that. Experience has shown that this method may not adequately represent the true field performance of the materials. In this compaction test the mould and the amount of dry soil used is the same as for the 2. Compacting bituminous specimens using the superpave. Laboratory determination of moisture content of soils.
Soil compaction testing otherwise known as density tests are performed in order to determine the soil compaction level. This report describes results investigating how different lab compaction methods influence the laboratory characterization of the materials. Compaction of soil is probably one of the largest contributors to the site work economy. Compaction of soil is the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type becomes most dense and achieve its. Study and comparison of soil compaction between laboratory and field to simulate field compaction for rural roads vinay a 1, hemanth yadav m v 2 1assistant professor, department of civil engineering, dayananda sagar college of engineering, bangalore, karnataka, india. Interpetation of test results interpretation of test results standard compaction is frequently specified for laboratory testing in britain since many deposits have a natural moisture content at, or near to, the plastic limit. Soil mechanics laboratory compaction testlight weightstandard proctor compaction is 2720part vii1980 reaffirmed2011 theory. Proctor in the design and construction of earth dams proctor 1933. Astm d1557 12e1 standard test methods for laboratory. Evaluation of laboratory compaction procedures for specification of. Asce professor and director of center for innovative grouting materials and technology cigmat and texas hurricane center for innovative technology thcit, department of civil. Used in compaction testing proctor molds come in either 4. Table 1 basic comparison of laboratory and field compaction parameters. Laboratory procedures known as the modified proctor test astm d 1557aashto t 180 have been developed that accurately estimate the greater densities available from the compaction efforts of.
Compaction of soil is the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type becomes most dense and achieve its maximum dry density by removal of air voids. Laboratory determination of maximum dry density mdd and optimum moisture content omc by the proctor test requires considerable time. Compaction tests results vary with the input compactive effort, usually measured in foot pounds per cubic foot of soil. Sacramento, california 958194612 method of calibration of compaction test equipment caution. Soils field testing dig a hole with the auger, trowel, or other tools test hole must be approx. Compaction equipment compacts and rotates the mold after each blow. Laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using modified effort. The automatic compactor easily compacts mold while keeping track of the number of hammer blows. The most common is the proctor test, or modified proctor test. Each laboratory testing includes a brief introduction of the the oretical background, the applicable astm references, the types of soils and other materials need ed, specimen preparation, the apparatus and tools needed, test procedure, and detailed data col. The most recent revision tothis technical guide lg004 other than minor editorial changes is. Army corps of engineers began using the principles of soil compaction developed by ralph r. Fourteen cohesionless soils from around texas were selected for laboratory testing.
Pdf static laboratory compaction method researchgate. Evaluation of laboratory compaction techniques for. Standard test method for cbr california bearing ratio of. Laboratory compaction of soils soil mechanics eurocode. Manual of soil laboratory testing 310 introduction of heavier earthmoving and compaction machinery, especially for the construction of large dams, higher densities became obtainable in practice. Astm d698 12e2 standard test methods for laboratory. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last. In other words, the density is a comparison of the weight of one cubic foot of material in the field. A laboratory compaction test based on vibration is less affected by the manual. C670 practice for preparing precision and bias statements for test methods for construction materials. A particular soil needs to have an ideal or optimum amount of moisture to achieve maximum density. In a larger mold, the tests can be carried out on samples containing material of a larger maximum size. Harper formerly assistant research engineer william w. The astm standard test methods used for determining compaction characteristics of soil.
D 698 00ae1 standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort 12,400 ftlbfft 3600 knmm1 this standard is issued under the. The objective of this project was to develop recommendations for compaction of cohesionless soils used as backfill materials. This plays a vital part in construction for soils are mainly used as supports for a lot of infrastructures. Standard proctor test for soils abstract soil compaction is the process in which stress is applied to a soil which causes densification as the voids. D698 test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort 12 400 ftlbfft3 600. Seay supervising field engineer research report 902f research study number 266590 sponsored by. Compaction tests are commonly performed as part of a geotechnical profile of a building site. Very often, samples are taken by borehole drilling for tests including, particle size. Site investigation prior to commencement of any road construction project involving site formation work, site investigation is carried out to establish the geological profile along the road alignment.
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